A Novel Decentralized Load Scheduling Algorithm for Electrical Vehicles in Smart Grid

Abstract

This paper illustrates the deployment of a load scheduling technique for electric vehicles (EVs) charging and discharging by introducing optimal control in a scattered network. We predict that power flow between EVs and utility grid is multi-directional, e.g., EVs can supply power to grid in reverse as the scattered energy source, this phenomenon is called vehicle to grid (V2G). The finest scheduling algorithm is created as a varied discrete program (VDP) constraint. That is NP-hard and enormously complex to compute. Therefore, to overcome this complexity, we have proposed a technique to compute the VDP constraint by altering the basic load profile curve during night hours, and designed a scattered algorithm to reiterate water-filling. This algorithm executes in decentralization manners and effectively schedules EVs charging/discharging in local areas where aggregators are available. Owner’s security enhancement and reduced computational load are the major benefits of our proposed algorithm; the performance of this algorithm is verified by simulations.