Fecal Coliform Management Using a Coupled Hydrodynamics and Water Quality Model for the River Ravi in Pakistan

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Published: Jun 22, 2016

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Husnain Haider
Waris Ali

Abstract

A Fecal Coliform (FC) management framework is developed incorporating segmentation of river reaches, hydrodynamic and water quality models and FC management under critical winter low flow conditions for a highly polluted River Ravi. FC die-off rate in the river is determined from a field survey of a selected river reach. The travel time calculated with the help of a hydrodynamic model is 0.25 days in the selected reach. FC die-off rate (Kb) was found to be 1.2 day-1 at 20oC. Model calibration with monitoring data set reveals reasonable agreement of the simulation results with the measured field values under low flow conditions. Presently, the river is receiving raw wastewater and the simulation results shows very high fecal coliform levels up to 100x106 MPN/100mL in the river water. These levels are much higher than the required recreation and irrigation standards. Simulations are carried out to assess water quality for the future fecal pollution loads in year 2025 and the results reveal that up to 6 log reduction in FC is required at the wastewater outfalls, whereas, 5 log reduction would be sufficient for surface drains to meet desired FC standards under low flow conditions.

Article Details

Issue
2011: Volume 9 JULY 2011
Section
City and Regional Planning, Environmental Engineering, Architecture

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